NIGER
LAKE
CHAD
SOKOTO
CHAD
SOKOTO
KATSINA
KOMADUGU
ZAMFARA KATSINA
JIGAWA
BIRNIN KEBBI
BORNO
YOBE
GUSAU
KANO
MAIDUGURI
DUTSE
DAMATURU
KANO
KEBBI
TIGO DAM
KADUNA
BAUCHI
KADUNA
GOMBE
BAUCHI
KAINJ RESERVOIR
BENIN
GOMBE
NIGER
JOS
ADAMAWA
MINNA
PLATEAU NIGERIA
YOLA
ABUJA
KWARA
JALINGO
FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY
LAFIA
ILORIN
NASSARAWA
OYO
TARABA
EKITI
LOKOJA
OSHOGBO
KOGI
IBADAN
MAKURDI
ADO-EKITI
OSUN
BENUE
AKURE
ABEOKUTA
OGUN
ONDO
EDO
ENUGU
IKEJA
CAMEROUN
LAGOS
ABAKALIKI
AWKA
BENIN CITY
ENUGU
ASABA
EBONYI
ANAMBRA
BIGHT OF BENIN
CROSS RIVER
DELTA NIGER
LAKE
ABIA
CHAD
STATES OFFICIALLY INTRODU MORE THAN 20 YEA
UMUAHIA
SOKOTO
OWERRI
States with islamic law North-South Axis
CHAD
AKWA IBOM
SOKOTO
CALABAR
GULF OF GUINEA
KATSINA
RIVERS
KOMADUGU
YENAGOA
MILITANT ISLAM
UYO
BEYELSA JIGAWA
ZAMFARA KATSINA
PORT HARCOURT
BIRNIN KEBBI
BORNO
YOBE
GUSAU
© Aid to the Church in Need, 2023 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is visible acknowledged. CONFLICT BETWEEN FARMER
BIGHT OF BIAFRA
KANO
MAIDUGURI
DUTSE
DAMATURU
KANO
KEBBI
TIGO DAM
ARMED BANDITS AND CRIMIN
KADUNA
BAUCHI
KADUNA
GOMBE
1.3. The North-South Axis Nigeria is by no means a homogeneous country. Over 250 ethnic groups and indigenous languages express the diversity and rich- ness of the country. To understand the situation in the country it is very important to speak about a prevailing international typecasting between the north and the south of the country. Some Nigerians speak from a position of “geographical ignorance” between both parts 1 . Many South Nigerians believe that there are no Christians in the North, even if states like Gombe or Kaduna have a Christian population of almost 50% and in Borno, the cradle of Boko Haram, 30% of the population is Christian. The major ethnic groups are also geographically divided: the Hausa, the Fulani and the Kanuri are dominant in the north and Yoruba, Igbo and Tiv in the south. Before the arrival of British power, north, south, west, and east had different idiosyncrasies and lived their own ethnic, political and religious realities. The first step of British expansion in the MINNA TARABA BENUE ANAMBRA KOGI ENUGU EBONYI CROSS RIVER BAUCHI GOMBE JOS LOKOJA ASABA AWKA ENUGU ABAKALIKI UMUAHIA OWERRI PORT HARCOURT UYO CALABAR MAKURDI LAFIA JALINGO YOLA ABUJA BIGHT OF BIAFRA FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY PLATEAU NASSARAWA RIVERS ABIA AKWA IBOM NIGERIA
region was the annexation of Lagos in 1861. In 1885, at the Berlin Conference, Britain claimed rights to the Niger Basin. In 1906 the British amalgamated the Lagos Colony and Protectorate with the Protectorate of Southern Nigeria to form the new Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. In 1914 these territories in the south were united with the protectorate of Northern Nigeria, giving birth to the geo-political unit that we now know as Nigeria. However, the territories maintained their regional authorities, divided after 1914 into three local units. The announcement of their dissolution by the military government after the first coup in 1966 triggered violent reactions in the north against southerners who had settled among them. This was one of the factors that contributed to the outbreak of the civil war. The antagonism between the north and the south suffered a se- rious resurgence during the restoration of Sharia in 12 of the 20 northern states in 2000 and has increased in recent years, fueled by the conflicts described in chapter 3 of this report. It should be mentioned that “north” and “south” do not always match the perception that an observer would see on a map.
NORESTE HAUSA – F
NIGER
ADAMAWA
NOROESTE KANU
KWARA
CENTRO OESTE JU
ILORIN
CAMEROUN
SUR OESTE TIV
EKITI
OSHOGBO
ADO-EKITI
OSUN
AKURE
CENTRO SUR IGB
ONDO
EDO
BENIN CITY
SURESTE YORU
DELTA
FRONTERA
A
YENAGOA
BEYELSA
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